aP2

Introduction

According to recent CDC figures, 68% of American adults and nearly one third of American children are considered overweight or obese. This is of particular note because each of these conditions is a primary cause of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome, which affects 50 million Americans according to data from the American Heart Association and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, is a cluster of conditions involving abdominal obesity, elevated blood lipid levels and blood pressure, insulin resistance, and inflammation.

Ingredients

aP2 is a weight management supplement containing two complementary ingredents, LeptiCore® and InnoSlim™. This combination is a unique formulation that regulates how the body responds to sugar and fat. It also helps increase the feeling of fullness, and how to more efficiently burn fat for fuel.

The aP2 formulation offers a creative solution that can help manage weight while also enhancing metabolic health. LeptiCore® is a proprietary complex where the primary function is to control satiety and appetite, balance blood sugar levels and increase thermogenesis. Innoslim™ helps regulate glucose, fat cell, and muscle cell metabolism. This has positive effects in reducing glucose absorption and in increasing fat cell breakdown and muscle cell glycogen synthesis.

Lepticore® is a patent-pending, multifunctional complex of plant-based polysaccharides, esterified fatty acids, pomegranate extract, beta-carotene, and blue-green algae. These complementary ingredients provide multiple mechanisms of action to support metabolic wellness and overall health. Of primary importance is Lepticore®’s role in healthy weight management because the risk of developing metabolic syndrome rises dramatically when a person is overweight or obese.

To address this key issue, LeptiCore® was formulated to promote healthy weight management through the correction of leptin resistance, which helps support increased satiety, loss of appetite, blood sugar balance, and thermogenesis (commonly referred to as fat burning).

Mechanisms of Action

Lepticore®’s clinically proven properties substantiate a diverse range of structure/function claim areas for healthy weight management, that include, weight loss, satiety/appetite control, thermogenesis and mood enhancement. It also contributes to metabolic wellness (cardiovascular health, blood sugar balance, metabolic balance, inflammation response, antioxidant properties, while also having a positive effect on lipid levels). (These claims are in accordance with the requirements of the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 and have been submitted to the Food and Drug Administration accordingly).

InnoSlim™ is an effective and stimulant free weight and blood sugar management catalyst that optimizes glucose and fat metabolism, while also enhancing the absorption of amino acids and vitamins.

LeptiCore®'s multifunctional nutraceutical may be utilized as either a stand-alone or complementary ingredient in various formulations. Due to the breadth and strength of the claims support for LeptiCore®, the ingredient often serves as an “active” in multiple-ingredient formulations.

LeptiCore® utilizes a proprietary formulation that was created specifically to stimulate multiple mechanisms of action that support healthy weight loss. A primary mechanism is the improvement of leptin function. This has wide ranging effects in the body because, as extensive scientific research has confirmed, leptin is a hormone produced by fat cells that controls satiety, appetite, blood sugar balance, and thermogenesis, while reducing abdominal obesity. Leptin acts as a lipostat to regulate body weight; the more fat a person carries, the more leptin that is produced.

Overweight and obese people produce high levels of leptin from excessive quantities of fat, yet at these levels leptin function decreases because of widespread, systemic inflammation. This leptin resistance makes it difficult for people to lose weight because it leads to increased appetite, poor blood sugar balance, and slower metabolism.

Under normal conditions, leptin exists in a free state in the blood, which allows it to cross the blood-brain barrier and produces its effects by binding to receptors on the surface of neurons in a region of the brain called the hypothalamus.

LeptiCore® reduces leptin resistance by modulating the primary inflammatory components hindering leptin function, namely C-reactive protein.

Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh Schoolof Medicine have demonstrated that elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of systemic inflammation, inhibit leptin’s role in controlling appetite and boosting metabolism by preventing its transit across the blood-brain barrier. In a published study involving both in vivo and in vitro research, it was found that when CRP levels are high in the blood, as is the case in overweight and obese people, CRP binds to and forms a complex with leptin. This complex limits the ability of leptin to cross the blood-brain barrier, bind receptors in the hypothalamus, and carry out its function.

InnoSlim™ decreases the glucose absorption rate in the intestine by down regulating both the protein and mRNA (cellular transmission component) expression levels of SGLT1 (this refers to the transport of sodium, glucose, potassium, and water). InnoSlim™ may increase metabolic rate, possibly through mildly modulating the activity of the sympathetic nerve.

InnoSlim™ also up-regulates adiponectin, which is a well known component of mood regulation, while also down-regulating inflammatory & insulin resistance markers. InnoSlim™ may also act by decreasing circulating glucose and reducing fat accumulation.

InnoSlim™ enhances glucose absorption in intestinal cells, increases glucose absorption in muscle cells, while also increasing glucose absorption and fatty acid breakdown in fat cells. It can also decrease glucose levels, while also increasing insulin sensitivity. This is especially important to the large number of people who suffer from both diabetes and obesity.

Clinical Indications

In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 92 subjects who were suffering from metabolic syndrome (as defined by American Heart Association criteria), and who maintained their normal diet, took 300 mg of LeptiCore® twice daily before meals for 8 weeks and lost 5.24 kg (p≤0.001 compared to placebo), which represents a 5.4% reduction in weight compared to baseline. This was accompanied by significant reductions in body fat (2.8%), waist size (4.6 cm) and hip size (4.4 cm) over the same period.

Subjects taking LeptiCore® experienced a 15.1% reduction in C-reactive protein (CRP) levels after 8 weeks, which improves metabolic health as C-reactive protein is a marker for cardiac health and hypertension.

At the same time, leptin function improved in these subjects as indicated by a 46.95% drop in serum leptin levels. With less CRP available to form complexes with leptin, increased passage of leptin across the blood-brain barrier occurred (resulting in lower serum leptin levels). Additionally, when leptin freely enters the brain, the brain signals fat cells to slow leptin production via a negative feedback loop involving the sympathetic nervous system. This results in sustained reductions in serum leptin levels. Improved leptin function in LeptiCore® helps support satiety, appetite control, blood sugar balance, and thermogenesis as well as a reduction in abdominal obesity.

Continued examination of this study demonstrated that serotonin levels increase by 28.5% in subjects taking LeptiCore® versus baseline. Increased serotonin can help improve mood, while also being a key component of the onset of satiety (feeling full).

LeptiCore® addresses additional risk factors of metabolic syndrome by improving blood lipids levels. In the previously described clinical trial, the group taking LeptiCore® experienced significant reductions in LDL (-14.6%) and triglycerides (-7.1%) and a significant increase in HDL (13.6%) after 8 weeks. This is further evidence that LeptiCore® promotes metabolic wellness and balance by addressing key risk factors of metabolic syndrome in a comprehensive manner.

In vivo (live studies) with InnoSlim™ resulted in an increased insulin sensitivity of 38% and decreased blood sugar levels of 19% when compared to the control group.

In vitro (laboratory studies) with InnoSlim™ resulted in a decreased intestinal glucose absorption rate of 42% when compared to the control group.

As weight increase is the result of more calorie intake than calorie expenditure in human body, evidences has shown that overweight and obese persons have low adiponectin level in their blood stream. InnoSlim™ has been shown to increase adopectin levels in 20 separate in-vitro studies.

InnoSlim™ also decreased glucose absorption in muscle cells by 50%. In-vivo studies have shown an increase in adiponectin (a protein hormone secreted from fat cells) from fat tissue by 103%, which has shown to stimulate glucose-utilization and to increase the fatty acid oxidation in the muscle and liver.

Additionally, in studies, InnoSlim™ increased AMPK (an enzyme that plays a role in cellular energy homeostasis) activation in skeletal muscle by 23%, which stimulates fat burning in liver and muscle, inhibits cholesterol, fat and triglyceride synthesis. InnoSlim™ also decreased inflammatory and insulin resistance markers by 61% and 11%.

Health & Wellness with Dr. Abedon: LeptiCore®

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LeptiCore® Product Summary Brochure

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Innoslim™ Product Info

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Innoslim™ Brochure

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The use of LeptiCore^® in reducing fat gain and managing weight loss in patients with metabolic syndrome

Kuate D, Etoundi BC, Azantsa BK, Kengne AP, Ngondi JL, Oben JE. Lipids Health Dis. 2010 Feb 19;9:20.

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